Application of the Crow Search Algorithm to the Problem of the Parametric Estimation in Transformers Considering Voltage and Current Measures

The problem of the electrical characterization single-phase transformers is addressed in this research through application crow search algorithm (CSA). A nonlinear programming model to determine series and parallel impedances transformer formulated using mean square error (MSE) between voltages currents measured calculated as objective function. CSA selected a solution technique since it efficient dealing with complex models penalty factors explore exploit space minimum computational effort. Numerical results three nominal sizes 20 kVA, 45 112.5 167 kVA demonstrate efficiency proposed approach define parameters when compared large-scale solver fmincon MATLAB environment. Regarding final function value, reaches functions lower than 2.75×10−11 for all simulation cases, which confirms their effectiveness minimizing MSE real (measured) expected (calculated) voltage current variables transformer.